For year 2014: Some of the tools I'd recommend for privacy and security. I've added the TC next home page because they have the official binaries for truecrypt. Use truecrypt with caution. The best alternative free FDE right now is DiskCryptor for Windows. (Use linux for FDE. Use VM's for Windows. Much safer.)
I may update this as needed.
Full Disk Encryption Windows (Free)
DiskCryptor - Open Source FDE
https://diskcryptor.net/wiki/Main_Page
CipherShed - Fork of Truecrypt (In Development)
https://ciphershed.org/
TC next (Verified binaries of truecrypt. Use with caution. No longer developed)
https://truecrypt.ch/
File level Encryption (If it doesn't do AES 256. Don't use it)
AES Crypt - https://www.aescrypt.com/
7-ZIP - http://www.7-zip.org/
GNUPG (Windows Binary Modern v 2.1) - ftp://ftp.gnupg.org/gcrypt/binary/gnupg-w32-2.1.0_20141105.exe
Encryption Wizard (Runs of Java 7) - http://www.spi.dod.mil/docs/EWizard-Public-3.4.5.zip
(Use Java Cryptography extension unlimited strength jurisdiction policy files in combination with EW. This will help you encrypt with AES 256.)
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jce-7-download-432124.html
VIIVO- https://www.viivo.com/#download-page
https://www.viivo.com/how-our-security-works
Minilock - https://minilock.io/
Communications Security
Mozilla Thunderbird, Enigmail, GNUPG (For Email Encryption)
Mozilla Thunderbird - https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/thunderbird/
Enigmail - https://www.enigmail.net/download/index.php
GNUPG - ftp://ftp.gnupg.org/gcrypt/binary/gnupg-w32-2.1.0_20141105.exe
Pidgin with OTR - https://www.pidgin.im/
Cryptocat - https://crypto.cat/
Wickr - https://www.wickr.com/
Haveged (Provides RNG Entropy. RNG's are very important in creating secure encryption keys with strong entropy) - http://www.issihosts.com/haveged/
Mobile Communications Security
Android Hardening Guide - https://wikis.utexas.edu/display/ISO/Google+Android+Hardening+Checklist
Chatsecure + Orbot (Look up in Google Play Store)
Redphone (Look up in Google Play store)
TextSecure (Look up in Google Play Store)
Wickr - https://www.wickr.com/
Password Security
Keepass (Use Key files and back them up somewhere safe. It's a good two factor practice in case your database gets stolen) - http://keepass.info/
Yubikey Neo - http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00LX8KZZ8/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=9325&creativeASIN=B00LX8KZZ8&linkCode=as2&tag=yubicocom0a-20&linkId=AK5WXSVVQX66J7GL
Firewall Security and IDS
Security Onion - http://blog.securityonion.net/p/securityonion.html
Sophos UTM Home - http://www.sophos.com/en-us/products/free-tools/sophos-utm-home-edition.aspx
Other Privacy and Security Resources
Surveillance Self Defence (EFF) - https://ssd.eff.org/
Better crypto . org - https://bettercrypto.org/
Applied Crypto Hardening - https://bettercrypto.org/static/applied-crypto-hardening.pdf
Prism Break - https://prism-break.org/en/
Operating Systems hardening and security resources
Microsoft Security Compliance Manager - http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc677002.aspx
CIS Benchmarks - https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/downloads/multiform/index.cfm
Bastille Linux hardening tool - http://bastille-linux.sourceforge.net/
EMET - http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=43714
OS Security layout that I would recommend using
1. If you are in what I'd consider a high risk country then use Tails - https://tails.boum.org/
2. Use Linux open source as your primary OS. Stick with a main distro. Don't use Ubuntu. Ubuntu has a history of data leaks with Amazon. Don't use Ubuntu based distro's either.
Linux OS distro's I would use:
Fedora Linux - https://getfedora.org/en/workstation/
CentOS - https://www.centos.org/
Open Suse - https://www.opensuse.org/en/
Debian - https://www.debian.org/
All should work with the hardening tool Bastille. Always encrypt the disk with a strong passphrase.
As far as a browser goes I still use firefox. I still have issues with Google Chrome and privacy.
Use the following firefox add ons
https everywhere
Ghostery
No Script
If you need to use windows then use it in a VM environment with Oracle Virtual Box or some other means. Harden it with Security Compliance manager and CIS policies. I would suggest two windows vm's. One in off-line mode strictly for security baseline modelling. The other one on-line and hardening.
A Note on Routers and Firewalls:
Routers have a high probability of getting compromised. Especially older ones. Home Routers should be replaced every three years for security purposes. For stronger security I highly recommend setting a device in front of your router such as Sophos UTM and then bridging your router to the UTM environment. It's safer because UTM is a product that is regularly updated. IT also has advanced firewall and IDS capabilities. You are also able to obtain a much clearer picture on what exactly is going on inside your network.
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